EE2451 ELECTRIC ENERGY
GENERATION, UTILIZATION & CONSERVATION ANNA UNIVERSITY QUESTION BANK(UNIT
I-V)
Anna university 8th sem <eighth> EEE
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SUBJECT
NAME: ELECTRIC ENERGY GENERATION, UTILIZATION & CONSERVATION
SUBJECT CODE : EE2451
YEAR
/ SEM : IV / VIII
UNIT –
I GENERATION
PART – A (2 MARKS)
1. Mention any two
advantages of non-conventional energy sources.
2. What are the types of
collectors used in solar power generation?
3. Give four sources of
non conventional energy.
4. Give the principle of
working of geothermal power generation.
5. Name the various
semiconductors used for photovoltaic conversion.
6. What are the
advantages of interconnections of power stations?
7. What is meant by
geothermal energy?
8. Give any two examples
of renewable energy sources.
9. What is the minimum
wind velocity required for power generation through wind mill?
10. Define the coefficient of performance with respect to wind mill.
11. What are the two basic types
of hydro electric systems?
12. What is economizer and its
use?
13. What is known as
moderator?
14. What are control rods
in
the nuclear power plant?
15. What is meant by distributed generation?
16. What is super heater in a Thermal plant?
17. State the typical rated voltages of
electrical sub systems used in air – craft.
18. What is penstock?
19. What is nuclear fission?
20. What is the principle of working gas
turbine?
21. What are the applications of
diesel electric plant?
22. What is a power generation station?
23. Explain
i) Dam, ii) Spill ways iii) Surge tank, iv) Head works, v) Draft tube
PART – B (16 MARKS)
1.
Draw a layout for a thermal plant and explain the functions of each components of that plant.
2.
What is meant by chain reaction in nuclear power plant Also explain the process of nuclear fusion?
3. (a) Mention the advantages and Disadvantages of hydro-power plant
(b) Explain the functions of
the following 1.Reservoir, 2.Dam, 3.Spill ways, 4.
Intake,
5. Fore bay,
6. Penstock, 7.Surge tank.
4.
What are pumped storage plants? Describe with need sketch the principle of operation of such a plant
Also discuss the role of this plant in a large inter-connected power system?
5.
Describe with neat sketch the construction
and
principle of operation of an electro
static precipitator. Discuss its advantage over mechanical ash separators.
6. Write short notes on 1. Condensers,
2.
Economizers. 3. Air pre heaters 4. Super heater.
5.
feed water system. 6.
Cooling tower.
7. (i) State electrical systems and sub stems Used in aircraft
and its
requirements.
(ii)Describe the construction of prime move for aircraft
generator.
8. Explain the working of a gas
turbine power plant
with a schematic diagram.
9. Draw block
diagram of a diesel power station and discuss its operation.
What
is a need for distributed generating system?
10. Explain
in detail about the electric energy generation by tidal power and wind power.
11. Describe
briefly the generation of electric power by conventional methods
12. i)Write a note on distributed
generation.
ii) Narrate the concept of pumped storage plant.
13. What are the basic components of solar PV Syatem?
14. Explain the basic solar PV system used for power generation.
UNIT – II
ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF GENERATION
PART – A (2 MARKS)
1. What
is meant by Demand charges?
2. What
is load duration curve?
3. List the various types
of equipment that
can
cause power quality problems.
4. What
do harmonics do?
5. What
is sag or dip and swells?
6. Define Diversity factor?
7. What
is meant by base load?
8. What
are the factors that influence fixing up of
tariff to the consumers?
9. What
is the need for depreciation reserve?
10. Define Energy Audit.
11. What is meant by energy conservation?
12. Define the term power quality.
13. Define load factor.
14. Define tariff. What are its objectives?
15. What is meant by load curve?
16. State few methods of improving power factor in the industry.
17. State the advantages of power factor improvement.
18. What are the causes of low power factor?
19. State few methods of improving the power factor in the industry.
20. What are the different types of Tariff?
21. Why is electrical energy consumption important?
22. Give any four objectives of tariff.
PART – B (16 MARKS)
1. What is cost of electrical generation? What are the various types of cost associated with power
generation?
2. The monthly reading of
a consumer meter are as follows Maximum demand =150kw , Energy consumed 1X 105 units, Reactive energy =
75MVARhr,
If
the tariff
is Rs 50per KW per month of maximum demand + 15Paise per unit
+ Rs 3 per KW for each
0.1
P.F below 0.8, calculate the monthly bill of the consumer.
3. What is a tariff? Discuss and compare various tariff used in practice.
4. (a) Explain the term depreciation and discuss various methods of calculating the depreciation
of an
electrical plant.
(b)
What are load curves and load duration
curves? Discuss their utility in
the
economics of generation.
5. A generating stations as
a maximum demand (MD) of 15 MW and the daily load curve on the station is as follows,
10pm to 05 am 2500 KW
01pm
to 04pm 10000KW
05am to 07 am 3000KW
04pm
to 06pm 12000KW
07pm to 11am
9000KW
06
pm to 08pm 15000KW
11am to 01pm
6000KW
08pm
to 10pm
5000KW
Determine the size
and the number of generator units, plant load factor, plant
capacity factor, use factor and reserve capacity of
plant.
6. what
is the need for power factor correction?
7. A plant costing Rs 65000 has a useful life of 15 years.
Find the amount which should be saved annually to replace the equipment at the
end of that time
a)
By straight line
method
b)
By the sinking fund
method if the annual rate of compound interest is 15%.
Assume that the
salvage value of the equipment is Rs 5000
8. What is meant by energy conservation? Write in detail about
Energy Audit.
UNIT
– III
ILLUMINATION
PART – A (2 MARKS)
1. Define Brightness.
2. Define Glare.
3. Define Lambert Cosine law.
4. Define Inverse Square Law.
5. Define Solid angle.
6. Define MHCP.
7. Define Luminous flux.
8. What
is stroboscopic effect?
9. Explain the working of thermal starter.
10. Define candle power.
11. Define Absorption factor.
12. Show how to connect a fluorescent lamp for DC operation?
13. What is flood lighting where is
it generally used?
14. Define Electro
deposition.
15. What is meant by extraction metals?
16. Define current efficiency.
17. Define energy efficiency.
18. Distinguish between direct lighting and indirect lighting.
19. Define Illumination.
20. Define the term Lux.
21. Define Space – height ratio.
22. Name the various photometer heads.
23. What are the sources of light
24. What are the drawbacks of discharge lamps?
PART
– B
(16 MARKS)
1.
|
(a) Explain the method of working of
a Neon lamp
with a neat sketch.
|
|
(b)
state the Lambert’s cosine law of illumination.
|
2.
Estimate the number and wattage of lamps which would be required to illuminate ever shop space 60 X 15metres, by means of lamps mounted 5metres above the working plane. The average illumination required is about 100 Flux, Co-efficient of utilization =
0.4, luminous efficiency is 16 lumens per Watt. Assume a space height ratio of unity candle
power depreciation of 20%
3. (a) Two lamps one 200cp and another 500cp are hung at a height of 10metres and
25metres respectively. The
horizontal distance between
the poles is
80metres. Determine the illumination at
the mid point between the poles on the ground.
What are the requirement of good heating materials?
4.
|
(a). Explain the working of
a sodium vapour lamp
with in a neat sketch.
|
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(b). what
is Halogen lamp?
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5.
Explain the operation principle and working of a mercury vapour lamp and compare its performance
with
a fluorescent lamp. Describe with a neat sketch the principle of operation of a fluorescent lamp. Mention the function
of each component.
6. Explain the types of lamps and lighting fitments you should select for
(i)A large machine shop with rows
of drilling machines
(ii)
A drawing office and lathes.
7. (a) A 100 candle power lamp is hung 2m above the centre of a circular area of 3 diameters.
Determine the illumination at (i) the centre of the area, (ii) a point on the circumference of the area,(iii) average illumination. Find also the average illumination, if a reflector of
50%
efficiency is used.
8. A lamp of
300 candle power.
is placed 1.5 m below a reflecting plane mirror surface, which reflects 70% of the light falling on it. Find
the illumination
at
a point 4m.
9. (a) Explain the principle of street lighting? Show different types
of
lighting with neat
Sketches.
(b) Discuss about
Diffusion principle of
street lighting.
10. Discuss
the various steps involved in the design of illumination system.
UNIT
– IV
INDUSTRIAL
HEATING AND WELDING
PART – A (2MARKS)
1. State
the advantages of electric heating?
2. State
the properties of a heating element that you will look for?
3. Explain the advantages of induction heating?
4. Give
relative advantages and disadvantages of direct and indirect arc furnace?
5. Compare the performance
of various electrodes used in electric arc furnace?
6. How high frequency supply is obtained?
7. Give
various
types of
electric arc welding.
8. What
do you understand
by
resistance welding?
9. What
is welding?
10. What are the different types of electric welding?
11. Explain clearly pinch effect?
12. Classify the methods of Electric heating.
13. What is meant by indirect resistance heating
14. What are the causes of failure of heating elements?
15. What is the basic principle of induction heating?
16. Compare DC welding and AC welding.
17. What are the modern welding techniques?
PART – B
(16 MARKS)
1. a) What are the types of ARC furnace? Describe the operation of
them.
b)
Discuss the characteristic requirement of welding generator sets (both AC and DC).
2. a) Explain the working of core type induction furnace with a neat sketch.
b) A 5KW, 440volts, 3 phase resistance oven is to have a 3star connected nichrome strip of 0.3mm thick heating element. If the wire temperature is to be 1500°c and that of the charge 1000°c, estimate the
suitable width of the strip. Resistively of nichrome alloy is
1.016 X 10-6 .Assume the radiating efficiency and emissivity of the element as 0.6 and 0.91 respectively.
3. (a)What is dielectric heating?
How
is this different?
(b)
A laminated plywood board 40cm x 25 cm x
1.8
cm is to be heated
from 25º C to 160º
C
in 12 minutes, using 25 MHz supply, specific heat of wood is to be taken as 0.32, density
is
0.6 g / cm 3, relative permittivity of wood is 6 and power factor 0.05. Find the supply voltage,
power required and current
drawn. Take the efficiency of
the process as 75%
4. (a)Explain the construction and working principle of dielectric heating.
Calculate the energy required to melt one metric ton of brass in a single – phase
Induction furnace. If the time taken is 1.5 hr, find the power input to the furnace. Specific heat of brass = 0.094
Latent
heat of
fusion of brass = 38 kcal / kg
Melting point of brass = 920º C
Furnace
efficiency = 80%, Temperature
of charge = 20º C
5. i. Explain thyristor control of welding?
ii. Explain methods of energy storage welding.
6. i. Explain coreless
type induction furnace?
ii. A 105 KVA of
tin is to be melt during an hour in
a melting furnace. Determine a suitable rating of the furnace if melting temperature
of tin
is 240˚ C. Take initial temperature of metal as 35˚ C.
Specific heat = 0.055 Kcal/kg ˚ C Latent heat
of liquid = 13.3 Kcal/kg
UNIT –
V ELECTRIC TRACTION
PART – A (2MARKS)
1. What
are various traction systems you know of?
2. Discuss merits and demerits of steam engine drive.
3. What
are the different systems of railway electrification?
4. What
are the merits and demerits of D.C system of track electrification?
5. What
are the functions of a D.C. sub station?
6. What
are various
current
collection systems?
7. What
are the factors affecting the schedule speed of a train?
8. What
is the difference between dead weight and accelerating weight
of a locomotive?
9. What
do you meant by tractive effort?
10. What are the advantages of electric braking?
11. Why three phase traction system employing induction motors is
now
obsolete give reasons?
12. What are the various types of braking methods?
13. Discuss the current trends in AC traction systems?
14. What are the advantages of pantographs?
PART – B (16 MARKS)
S
1. (a) Sketch the typical speed-time curve for (1) Main
line
service and to sub – urban services in electric Traction.
2.
Explain the mechanics of train movement?
3.
|
(a) What is the speed controls of different system of motors used in electric train?
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(b) Define co-efficient of adhesion “ and explain the factors on which it depends?
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4.
|
(a). Discuss the various
arrangement of current collection used in electric traction.
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(b). Write short notes on the recent
trends in
electric traction.
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5.
Two stations A & B are 12Km apart and average speed of the train is 60Kmph. The acceleration is 5Kmph, retardation during coasting is 0.3kmph and braking is 5Kmph respectively. Taking quadrilateral approximation of speed, time curve, determine the
duration of acceleration, coasting and braking periods and distance covered during these periods.
6. State the principle of regenerative braking.
Explain regenerative braking in
respect of
a)
DC motors, b) Induction motors.
7. (a)What are the various
methods of
speed control of series motors and their scope of speed range?
(b)
Discuss the merits and demerits of the induction motor for traction duties?
8. (a) What is
the main
advantage
of
series parallel control of motors over rheostatic method of starting and speed control?
(b)
What is multiple unit control and for what application will you suggest this?
9. Discuss in detail the classification of electrical drives.
10. Draw and explain different electrical and mechanical characteristics of
various DC motors.
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