GE2152 BCM - BCAM QUESTION BANKS BASIC CIVIL AND MECHANICAL ENGINEERING|, QUESTION BANKS

anna university question banks for second semester, anna university second semester notes and question banks, GE2152 BASIC CIVIL AND MECHANICAL ENGINEERING QUESTION BANKS, QUESTION BANKS, 
B.E./B.Tech. DEGREE EXAMINATION, NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2009 2010 2011

Second Semester

Electronics and Communication Engineering

GE 2152 — BASIC CIVIL AND MECHANICAL ENGINEERING(BCAM) or Bcm

(Common to Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Electronics Engineering,

Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering, Information Technology, Computer

Science and Engineering and Instrumentation and Control Engineering)

(Regulation 2008)

Time : Three hours Maximum : 100 Marks

Answer ALL Questions

PART A — (10 × 2 = 20 Marks)


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UNIT III – Power Plant Engineering, Pumps and
Turbines.
1. Define power plant.
Powerlant is an industrial system composed of machinery ,equipment and
structures desingned to convert various energy resources into electricity on a large
scale.power plant is also called as power station or power house.
2. What are the different types of power plants
Depending on the type of energy source the power plants
areclassified as
•Thermal power plant (It makes use of coal)
•Internal combustion engine plants (makes use of petrol or diesel)
•Gas turbine power plant (makes use of a permanent gas)
•Nuclear power plant (makes use of nuclear fuels)
•Solar power plant (makes use of the suns radiation heat)
• Tidal power plant (makes use of the power of tides in the sea)
•Hydro electric power plant (makes use of the potential energy of water)
•Wind power (makes use of energy available in wind)
•Geothermal power plant (makes use of heat energy available underthe
ground)
3. State the function of the condenser in the steam power plant.
The function of condenser is to condensate the steam coming out of steam
turbine at lowpressure.
4. What is the function of moderator in nuclear power plant?
It is used to reduce the kinetic energy of fast neutrons into slowneutrons
and to increase the probability of chain reaction.
5. What are the materials used as a moderator in a nuclear power plant?
Graphite, heavywater and beryllium are generally used as moderator
6. What are the fuels used in a nuclear power plant.
Fuel of a nuclear reactor should be fissionable material whichcan be defined as
an element or isotope whose nuclei can be caused toundergo nuclear fission by
nuclear bombardment and to produce a fissionchain reaction. It can be one or all
of the following U 235, U 233 and Pu 239
7. List out the factors to be considered for the selection of site for the hydro
electric power plant.
Factors to be considered for the selection oif site for the hydroelteric power
plant are
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Availability of water : Adequqte water must be available with good supply
head
Cost and type of land :Bearing capacity of land should be good to withstand
huge stuructures and equipments
Storage of water :A dam must be constructed to store the large quantity of
water in order to cope up with variations of water availability through out
Transportation facilities : The site should be accessible by rail and road for
easy transportation of equipments and machinery
Pumped storage facilities : pump facilities to reuse water should be
posssible
8. State the reason why the steam power plant is preferred than the other plants.
1.The initial cost of construction of the plant is low compared to
hydroelectric plant
2.The power plant may be located near the load centre, so that the costof
transmission and the losses due to transmission are considerably reduced.
3.The quantity of water in hydroelectric plant depends on nature, such as rain and
rivers. This is not so in the case of thermal power plants
.4.The construction and commissioning of thermal power
plant takeslesser period when compared to hydro electric power plant.
9. What is a cooling tower?
A cooling tower is a heat rejection device, which extracts waste heat to the
atmosphere though the cooling of a water stream to a lower temperature.In
thermal stream plant in order to lower the temperature, water is circulated
around the engine. The water envelopes (water jacket) the engine,the heat from
the cylinder, piston, combustion chamber etc, is carried by the circulating water
and is cooled in the cooling tower.
10. What is the function of a penstock?
Penstock pipe is used to bring water from the dam to
The hydraulic turbine. Penstock pipes are made up of steel
Or reinforced concrete. The turbine is installed at a lower level from the dam.
Penstock is provided with a gate valve at the inlet to completely close the
water supply.
11. What is meant by nuclear fission?
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Uranium exists as an isotope in the form of U 235, U234 and U238. Out of
these isotopes U 235 is more unstable. When a neutron is captured by a nucleus
of an atom of U235, it splits up roughly into two equal fragments and about 2.5
neutrons are released and a large amount of energy (nearly 200 million electron
voltsMeV) is produced. This is called fission process
12. What is the function of a intercooler in gas turbine power plant?
The intercooler is used to reduce the work of the compressor and it is placed
in between the high pressure and low pressure compressor. Intercoolers are
generally used when the pressure ratio is very high. The energy required to
compress the air is proportional to the air temperature at inlet. The cooling of
compressed air in intercooler is generally done by water.
13. Name the different components used in a gas turbine power plant.
The different components used in a gas turbine power plant are
1. Compressor. 2. Intercooler 3. Regenerator 4. Combustion chambers
5. Gas turbine 6. Reheating unit
14. What is radiation shielding.?
A thermal Sheild is provided through steel lining andanother shield is
made of thick concrete surrounding the reactor.This is called radiation shielding.
This shield is used to protect against the harmful rays and fast neutrons.
15. What are the different types of hydro power plants?
Hydro electric power plants are usually classified according
to the available of head of water
•High head power plants
•Medium head power plants
•Low head power plants
16. State the demerits of steam power plant.
1.The fuel (coal or oil) used in thermal power plant will one day get
exhausted since it is a non renewable source of energy that is used
2.It cannot be used as peak load plant, as its part load efficiency decreases very
rapidly with decreasing load.
3.The transportation of fuel is a major problem for power plants located away
from coal fields.
4.The cost of power generation is considerably high compared to hydro-electric
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power plant
.5.The smoke produced by the burning fuel when exhausted into the atmosphere
causes air pollution.6.The life of thermal power plant according to the Electricity
supply act is 25 years and that of hydroelectric plant is 35 years. The efficiency
decreases to less than 10% after its life period.
17. List out the applications of gas turbine power plant.
Applications of gas turbine power plant
•To drive generators and supply loads in steam, diesel or hydro plants
•To work as combination plants with conventional steam boilers
•Thermal process industries
•Petro chemical industries
•Power generation (used for peak load and as stand by unit)
•Aircraft and ships for their propulsion. They are not suitable forautomobiles
because of their very high speeds
18. Name the locations where nuclear power plants were installed in India.
Nuclear power stations in India
• Tarapur Nuclear power station (Bombay) – Boiling water reactor –200 MW
•Rana Pratap Sagar Nuclear power station (Kota in Rajasthan) – Two200 MW
•Kalpakkam Nuclear power station – Two 235 MW – Pressurisedwater reactor
•Narora Nuclear power station (Uttar Pradesh) – Two 235 MW –CANDU reactor
19. Define steam turbine.
A steam turbine is a mechanical device that extracts thermal energy from
pressurized steam and converts it into useful mechanical work. Steam turbine is a
prime mover which converts heat energy in the steam in to mechanical work.
20 List out the main parts of a steam turbine.
The main parts of a steam turbine are
● Nozzle
● Rotor
● Rotor blades
21. How steam turbines are classified.
The steam turbines are classified into
1. Impulse turbine
2. Reaction turbine
22. Differentiate between impulse and reaction turbine.
S.No Impulse turbine Reaction turbine
1. It consists of nozzles and Steam passes over the blades with
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moving blades pressure and kinetic energy.
2. Steam expands completely
in the nozzle.
Steam expands both in fixed and
moving blades.
3. Pressure drops in nozzles
and remain constant in
moving blades
Pressure drop occurs gradually
and continuously in both fixed and
moving blades
4. Power developed is less Power developed is more
5. Low efficiency High efficiency
6. Occupies less space per
power unit
Occupies more space per power
unit
23. Relative velocity of a steam increases in a reaction turbine – Justify.
Relative velocity of a steam increases in a reaction turbine as there is a
continuos expansion of the steam.
BCM
Part A
UNIT III – Power Plant Engineering, Pumps and Turbines.
1. Define power plant.
2. What are the different types of power plants?
3. State the function of the condenser in the steam power plant.
4. What is the function of moderator in nuclear power plant?
5. What are the materials used as a moderator in a nuclear power plant?
6. What are the fuels used in a nuclear power plant.
7. List out the factors to be considered for the selection of site for the hydro electric power plant.
8. State the reason why the steam power plant is preferred than the other plants.
9. What is a cooling tower?
10. What is the function of a penstock?
11. What is meant by nuclear fission?
12. What is the function of a intercooler in gas turbine power plant?
13. Name the different components used in a gas turbine power plant.
14. What is radiation shielding.
15. What are the different types of hydro power plants?
16. State the demerits of steam power plant.
17. List out the applications of gas turbine power plant.
18. Name the locations where nuclear power plants were installed in India.
19. Define steam turbine.
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20 List out the main parts of a steam turbine.
21 How steam turbines are classified.
22. Differentiate between impulse and reaction turbine.
23. Relative velocity of a steam increases in a reaction turbine – Justify.
UNIT IV
1. What is an engine?
2. What are the different types of heat engine?
3. What is meant by SI Engine.
4. What is meant by CI Engine.
5. List out the main components of a SI Engine.
6. What is a four stroke cycle engine?
7. What is the function of a carburetor?
8. What is the fundamental difference between two stroke and four stroke engine.
9. Why fuel is injected in a CI Engine.
10. Mention the different types of ignition systems used in SI engine.
11. What is the function of a choke, in a petrol engine?
12. What is the function of a spark plug, in a petrol engine?
13. What is the function of a fuel pump in a diesel engine?
14. Define fuel injector.
15. What are the different types of cooling system used in IC engines.
16. Define lubrication.
17. Mention some engine parts, that require lubrication.
18. What are the different types of lubrication systems in IC Engines.
19. How boilers are classified.
20. List the advantages of high pressure boilers.
21. How modern boilers differ from olden day boilers.
22. What is the function of an economiser.
23. List out the boiler mountings.
24. What is the difference between boiler mountings and accessories.
25. What is the function of a super heater.
26. What is the function of a air pre-heater.
27. Give few examples for water tube boiler.
28. Give few examples for fire tube boiler.
UNIT V
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1. Define Refrigeration.
2. What is a refrigerator?
3. Define Refrigerant.
4. Give some examples for refrigerant.
5. Define COP
6. List out the properties of a good refrigerant.
7. State the function of a compressor in refrigeration system.
8. Give the applications of a refrigeration.
9. Define air conditioning.
10. Define Relative humidity.
11. Define DBT
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12. Define WBT
13. List out the types of air conditioning.
14. Define Dew point temperature.
15. Define psychrometry.
16. Define relative humidity.
17. Differentiate between humidification and dehumidification.
18. What is the function of a capillary tube.
19. Differentiate between window air conditioner and package type air conditioner.
20. Draw the layout of a domestic refrigerator.
Part B
UNIT III
1. Draw the layout of the steam power plant and explain.
2. Sketch the diesel power plant and explain its working principle, also state its merits and
demerits.
3. Draw the general arrangement of a nuclear power plant and explain its working. List out its
merits and demerits.
4. Explain how energy conversion is taking place in a solar power plant, with a
line sketch.
5. Draw the layout of a wind mill and state its advantages and disadvantages.
6. Give the schematic layout of a hydro electric power plant and explain the function of its each
component.
7. What is the principle of a tidal power generation. Also explain the low tide and
high tide systems.
8. Define a centrifugal pump, explain the working of a single stage pump with a sketch.
9. Explain the construction and working principle of a reciprocating pump with neat sketch.
Also state its applications.
10. With pressure velocity diagram explain the working of a single stage impulse
turbine.
11. With pressure velocity diagram explain the working of a reaction turbine.
12. Differentiate between impulse and reaction turbine.
13. With a neat sketch, briefly explain about Lamont Boiler
14. Explain the construction and working principle of Cochran Boiler.
15. Name the important boiler mountings and briefly explain their functions.
16. Name some of the boiler accessories, and explain their functions with sketches.
UNIT IV
1. With neat sketch, explain the major parts of an IC Engine.
2. Explain the working principle of four stroke petrol engine with neat sketches.
3. With neat sketches, explain the working principle of two stroke petrol engines.
5. Explain the working principle of a four stroke Diesel engine with neat sketch.
6. With line diagram, explain the working principle of two stroke diesel engine.
7. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of a CI engines over SI Engines.
8. Compare two stroke and four stroke engines.
9. Compare air cooling and water cooling system used in IC engines.
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10. Explain briefly about knocking and detonation.
11. With a neat sketch briefly explain about fuel injector.
UNIT V
1. With a neat sketch explain the layout of a window air conditioning.
2. Draw the layout of a vapour compression refrigeration system, and explain the working
principle of it.
3. With a simple circuit diagram, explain the working principle of the vapour
absorption refrigeration system.
4. Mention and describe the different types of refrigerants used.
5. With a neat diagram, briefly explain about the split type room air conditioner.
6. Draw the layout of multi split air conditioner, and explain the working principle of it.
7. Write down the definitions of the following:
(a) DBT (b) WBT (c) Relative Humidity (d) Dew point temperature (e) humidity (f)
Psychrometry (g) COP
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